VIII. — 2:105 Equivalents to delivery

Where the goods are already in the possession of the transferee, the retention of the goods on the coming into effect of the entitlement under the contract or other juridical act, court order or rule of law has the same effect as delivery.

Where a third person possesses the goods for the transferor, the same effect as delivery is achieved when the third party receives the transferor's notice of the ownership being transferred to the transferee, or at a later time if so stated in the notice. The same applies where notice is given to a possession-agent in the sense of VIII. — 1:208 (Possession through possession-agent).

The same effect as delivery of the goods is achieved when the transferor gives up and the transferee obtains possession of means enabling the transferee to obtain possession of the goods.

Where a person exercising physical control over goods issues a document containing an undertaking to deliver the goods to the current holder of the document, the transfer of that document is equivalent to delivery of the goods. The document may be an electronic one.